F41

Possible Causes

• •Exceeding kVA limit
• •Operating outside the stator winding temperature boundary
• •Exceeding field current limit (over-excitation)
• •Air inlet filters are fitted
• •Operating beyond the rotor arc limit in the lagging power factor region
• •Under-excitation
• •Operating in the leading power factor region beyond the stability limit boundary
• •Operating altitude exceeds 1000 meters above mean sea level
• •Operational ambient temperature exceeds 40°C
• •Operating conditions impacting the cooling circuit
• •Operating outside the stator current limit
• •Operating outside the rotor field current limit
• •Load profile (real and reactive power) exceeding safe operating envelope
• •Underexcited operation
• •Operating outside the stability limit
• •Over-excitation
• •Operating outside rotor heating limit
• •Operating outside stator heating limit (maximum armature current)
• •Load profile outside design capabilities
• •Operating outside steady-state stability limit

Suggested Actions

1. 1Operate the alternator within the defined capability curve limits
2. 2Reduce reactive or real power to stay within the stator arc boundary
3. 3Adjust power factor or reduce load to stay within the rotor boundary
4. 4Ensure load characteristics do not push the alternator into the under-excited stability limit
5. 5Apply a 5% reduction to tabulated kVA and kW values if air inlet filters are fitted
6. 6Apply a 3% reduction for every 500 meters by which the operating altitude exceeds 1000 meters
7. 7Apply a 3% reduction for every 5°C by which the operational ambient temperature exceeds 40°C
8. 8Refer to applications for any other operating conditions impacting the cooling circuit
9. 9Consult applications for requirements involving ambient temperatures exceeding 60°C or altitudes exceeding 4000 meters
10. 10Use Typical Alternator Operating Charts (capability curves) to ensure load profile remains within safe operating envelope
11. 11Monitor real power (kW) to stay below Engine Limit
12. 12Adjust reactive power (kVar) to stay within stator and rotor boundaries
13. 13Maintain load profile within the specified safe operating envelope defined by the capability curves
14. 14Ensure excitation levels remain within the Excitation Limit
15. 15Confirm generator load profile is within design capabilities using operating charts
16. 16Ensure operation is within 'ROTOR' and 'Stator Heating' boundary limits
17. 17Ensure operation is within 'STABILITY' / 'EXCITATION' boundary limits
18. 18Ensure operation is within 'ENGINE' boundary limit
19. 19Manage real and reactive load combinations using the Typical Alternator Operating Charts (capability curves)
20. 20Ensure alternator operation remains within the boundaries defined by the ENGINE, ROTOR, STABILITY, and EXCITATION limits

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